The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of donor gratitude in relationship marketing in nonprofit organizations within the B2C relationship context in Indonesia. Relationship marketing is required not only in profit organizations, but also in nonprofit organizations. On the other hand, gratitude is a positive emotion and an important construct for understanding the effectiveness of relationship marketing.This study uses a survey method and the research samples are individual donors of philanthropy organizations. The numbers of respondents are 507. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is selected as the technique of analysis. This research examines 7 hypotheses where 6 of them are supported. They are (1) the impact of donor gratitude on trust; (2) the impact of trust on relationship commitment; (3) the impact of relationship commitment on cooperation; (4) the impact of relationship commitment on intention to redonate; (5) the impact of trust on cooperation; and (6) the impact of trust on intention to redonate. Based on this result,it can be concluded that the effect of donor gratitude on intention to redonate is indirect, that is through trust variable. The contribution of this study is mainly in broadening the application of social exchange theory and relationship marketing concept.

This paper discusses secondary school teachers' interpretation, choice and use of second language theories and approaches in the teaching of English. The main purpose of the study was to determine how teachers situated their teaching on both conventional and personal theories. This was achieved through the study objectives which were to evaluate the factors which influenced teachers' choice of theories and approaches to teaching and evaluating the theories and approaches commonly applied in teaching English. Data was obtained from 30 teachers of English in 10 selected secondary schools within Eldoret Municipality which at the time of the study had 22 secondary schools. This study employed a descriptive survey design. Data was collected by use of structured interview with selected teachers, tape-recording and observation of teachers in classes, and structured questionnaires. The study concluded that several factors including teacher personality and training and the caliber of learners influenced teachers' choice of the various theoretical approaches that were used.